Skip to content

medocian.com

  • Baby Colic: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment and Prevention
    Baby Colic: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment and Prevention A-Z Diseases
  • Chikungunya: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment and Prevention
    Chikungunya: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment and Prevention A-Z Diseases
  • Mouth Ulcers: Causes, Symptoms, and Effective Remedies
    Mouth Ulcers: Causes, Symptoms, and Effective Remedies A-Z Diseases
  • Vitamin B Deficiency: Causes, Symptoms, and Prevention
    Vitamin B Deficiency: Causes, Symptoms, and Prevention A-Z Diseases
  • Emotional Eating: Causes, Symptoms, and Management
    Emotional Eating: Causes, Symptoms, and Management A-Z Diseases
  • Constipation
    Constipation: Causes, Symptoms, prevention, Treatment A-Z Diseases
  • Leucorrhoea: Causes, Symptoms, Prevention, treatment A-Z Diseases
  • Breast cancer
    Breast Cancer: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment A-Z Diseases
female infertility

FEMALE INFERTILITY: Causes, Types, Treatment

Posted on October 2, 2022September 3, 2023 By Dr Firdous Siddiqui 1 Comment on FEMALE INFERTILITY: Causes, Types, Treatment
  •  FEMALE INFERTILITY
  • 1 Acquired Factors
    • AGE
    • Tobacco smoking
    • Sexually transmitted infections
    • BODY WEIGHT
    • OTHER ACQUIRED FACTORS
      • A. RADIATION
      •  B. Immune infertility
      • C. SURGICAL ADHESIONS
      • D.DIABETES MELLITUS
      • E. COELIAC DISEASE
      • F.THROMBOCYTOPHILIA
  • 2. GENETIC FACTORS
    • TUBAL FACTORS
      • Pelvic adhesions.
      • Tubal dysfunction.
      • Endometriosis.
      • Previous ectopic pregnancy.
    • UTERINE FACTORS
      • Uterine fibroids.
      • Implantation failures.
      • Asherman’s syndrome.
      • Uterine malformations.
    • CERVICAL FACTORS…
  • DIAGNOSIS of female infertility
  • PREVENTION of female infertility
  • TREATMENT of female infertility

 FEMALE INFERTILITY

  • According to ‘WHO’ female infertility can be described as the “Inability to become pregnant, maintain a pregnancy or carry a pregnancy to live birth”.
  • A clinical definition of infertility described by WHO is “A disease of the reproductive system defined by the failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse”.

Around the globe, infertility in females is estimated at about 48 million.

Factors affecting female infertility are classified into two groups…

Acquired

Genetic

1 Acquired Factors

Any factor which is not based on genetic mutation.

Acquired factors causing infertility in females are further classified as…

1. Age-related factors

2. Smoking

3. Sexually transmitted infections

4. Weight factors [over weight and underweight]

AGE

A women’s fertility is affected by her age …

  The first period [menarche] commences on average of 12 to 13 years.

As age is concerned a women’s fertility peaks in the early and mid20 and after this fertility declination slowly continues up to age 35 years and further women’s infertility accelerates its declination rate.

Tobacco smoking

Tobacco smoking directly affects fertility, irrespective of its mode [Active smoker or passive smoker]

The nicotine and other harmful chemicals present in cigarettes interfere with the body’s estrogen-producing ability.

[Estrogen is a Harmon that regulates the process of formation of follicles [Follicle genesis] inside the ovary and it also affects ovulation which is a release of a mature egg from the follicle.

Despite these factors, smoking also co-relates with female infertility by interfering with embryo transport, endometrial receptivity, endometrial angiogenesis, uterine myometrium and uterine blood flow.

Sexually transmitted infections

Female infertility can be caused by sexually transmitted infections but the no. display few. And with early diagnosis and treatment [in no time] female infertility can be prevented.

BODY WEIGHT

Woman’s body weight [either overweight or underweight]

is responsible for around 12% of all infertility cases.

As the fat cells in a woman’s body produce estrogen hormone,

If a woman is overweight she will produce too much estrogen hence her body can react [as a feedback response]

As it is on birth control resulting odds of getting pregnant

Likewise, if a woman is underweight, her too little body fat causes an insufficient amount of estrogen which disturbs the woman’s fertility.

In addition to this, overweight women can also suffer from PCOD resulting in female infertility.

OTHER ACQUIRED FACTORS

A. RADIATION

Exposure to radiation can leads to a high risk of infertility

But it depends on power, duration of exposure and the frequency of radiation.

High doses of radiation can destroy some or all eggs in the ovaries and might cause infertility or early menopause.

 B. Immune infertility

Around 10 to 30 % of infertile couples may face ASA factors, resulting in infertility.

ASA interferes with sperm motility and its transport through the female reproductive tract.

It also inhibits capacitation and acrosome reaction impaired fertilization.

C. SURGICAL ADHESIONS

Infertility in females may occur because of adhesions occurred due to any type of surgery in the peritoneal cavity.

D.DIABETES MELLITUS

Women with type 1 diabetes mellitus are at higher risk of infertility due to delayed puberty or menarche, menstrual irregularity special in DB and

relative amenorrhea.

E. COELIAC DISEASE

F.THROMBOCYTOPHILIA

female infertility
infertility

2. GENETIC FACTORS

Several types of mutations occurred in the genes that cause infertility

It results due to chromosomal abnormalities including TURNER’S SYNDROME.

Genetic factors can further be classified by their locations such as…

  1. Polycystic ovarian syndrome.
  2. Ovulatory infertility…female infertility caused due to anovulation is called ovulatory infertility.
  3. Diminished ovarian reserve.
  4. Pre-mature menopause.
  5. Luteal dysfunction.
  6. Menopause.

TUBAL FACTORS

It includes…

Pelvic adhesions.

Tubal dysfunction.

Endometriosis.

Previous ectopic pregnancy.

UTERINE FACTORS

Uterine fibroids.

Implantation failures.

Asherman’s syndrome.

Uterine malformations.

CERVICAL FACTORS…

1. Non-receptive cervical mucus.

2. Anti sperm antibodies.

3. Cervical stenosis.

VAGINAL FACTORS…

1. Vaginal obstruction.

2. Vaginismus.

  • Female infertility can be classified as…
  • Primary infertility.
  • Secondary infertility.
  • Primary infertility is the inability to give birth because of not able to be pregnant or the inability to carry a child to live birth.
  • Secondary infertility is the inability to conceive or give birth when there was already a previous pregnancy or live birth.

DIAGNOSIS of female infertility

   Infertility in females can be diagnosed through medical history received from the patient and by physical examination of the patient.

Beyond a physical examination, patients can undergo some lab tests such as…

  • Hormone testing…
  •  Hormones responsible for female fertility undergo tremendous changes in their levels throughout an average 28-day menstrual cycle.

Fertility in females is directly proportional to the level of these female hormones at a particular time or phase of the cycle.

For instance,

  • Ovarian reserve can be assessed by measuring FSH and Estrogen levels on day 2 or 3 of the cycle.
  • Measurement of thyroid function test.
  • To confirm ovulation in the second half of the cycle progesterone level is measured.
  • Antimullerian hormone directly causes female infertility by affecting ovarian reserve hence a test is conducted for measurement of the antimullerian hormone.

IMAGING…

  • An endometrial biopsy is done to visualize the lining of the uterus and to verify ovulation.
  • To inspect the pelvic organ laparoscopy is done.
  • An advanced surgical technique used for early diagnosis and treatment in no time is called “ fertiloscopy ”.
  • For diagnosis of any sort of cervical infection, a PAP smear is carried out.
  • Fallopian tube patency is checked by hysterosalpingography [HSG].

PREVENTION of female infertility

Acquired female infertility can be prevented by …

  • Maintaining a healthy lifestyle.
  • Daily regular exercise.
  • A healthy and well-balanced diet containing plenty of fresh veggies and fruits.
  • Treating existing diseases such as diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, and STDs.
  • By early planning of parenthood.
  • By freezing the egg.

TREATMENT of female infertility

As infertility in females is a true matter of age, one cannot reverse the advanced maternal age but one can take the help of assisted reproductive techniques such as…

  • Ovulation induction for an ovulatory cycle.
  • I.U.I.
  • I.V.F.
A-Z Diseases Tags:female infertility

Post navigation

Next Post: ANXIETY DISORDER: Types, Symptoms, Treatment

Related Posts

  • Sepsis: Symptoms, Causes, Prevention and Treatment
    Sepsis: Symptoms, Causes, Prevention and Treatment A-Z Diseases
  • Fainting (Syncope): Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention
    Fainting (Syncope): Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention A-Z Diseases
  • Haemorrhoids (Piles): Causes, Symptoms, Ayurvedic Treatment
    Haemorrhoids (Piles): Causes, Symptoms, Ayurvedic Treatment A-Z Diseases
  • Colour Blindness: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment
    Colour Blindness: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment A-Z Diseases
  • Fungal Skin Infections: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention
    Fungal Skin Infections: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention A-Z Diseases
  • Stroke
    Stroke: Types, Symptoms, Causes, Treatment A-Z Diseases

Comment (1) on “FEMALE INFERTILITY: Causes, Types, Treatment”

  1. Pingback: Cushing's syndrome: All you need to know about.

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

  • Worm Infestation: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention
  • Vomiting: Causes, Symptoms, Effective Management
  • Vitamin D uses & benefits
  • Vitamin B Deficiency: Causes, Symptoms, and Prevention
  • vertigo: Causes, Symptoms, Complications, Treatment
  • Uterine Fibroids: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment
  • Urine Incontinence: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment  and Prevention
  • Urinary Tract Infections: Symptoms, causes, Treatment
  • Understanding and Combating Malnutrition: A Comprehensive Guide
  • Typhoid fever: Stages, Causes, symptoms, Treatment
  •  Arthritis: Types, Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment
  •  Diabetes: Insulin, Causes, symptoms, Types, Management
  •  Fever: Causes, Symptoms, Types, treatment, Management
  • Acidity: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment and Prevention
  • Acne and dark spots: Causes, Prevention, Treatment
  • Acute Cholecystitis: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment
  • Acute gastritis: Causes, Symptoms, Prevention, Treatment
  • Acute otitis media: Signs, Symptoms, Causes, Treatment
  • Acute Pancreatitis: Causes, Symptoms, prevention, Treatment
  • Addison’s Disease: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment and Prevention
  • FEMALE INFERTILITY: Causes, Types, Treatment
  • ANXIETY DISORDER: Types, Symptoms, Treatment
  • POST-PARTUM DEPRESSION
  • Vitamin D uses & benefits
  • MIGRAINE: Signs, Symptoms, Causes, Treatment
  • Gastritis symptoms, diagnosis, complications, and treatment
  • Dysmenorrhea: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment
  • Appendicitis: Signs, Symptoms, Complications, Treatment
  • Ascites: Causes, Symptoms, treatment, Surgery, Complication
  • Dysmenorrhea: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment
  • Kidney Failure: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment
  • Keratitis: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment
  • Joint Pain: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment
  • Japanese Encephalitis: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment
  • Hirsutism: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment
  • Hypocalcaemia: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention
  • Hiccups: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention
  • Head Lice: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention
  • Hair Loss: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention
  • Herpes Simplex Virus Infections: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment
  • Gonorrhoea: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment
    Gonorrhoea: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment A-Z Diseases
  • Leucorrhoea: Causes, Symptoms, Prevention, treatment A-Z Diseases
  • Earaches: Causes, Symptoms, Prevention and Treatment
    Earaches: Causes, Symptoms, Prevention and Treatment A-Z Diseases
  • Body Pain: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment and Prevention
    Body Pain: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment and Prevention A-Z Diseases
  • Acidity: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment and Prevention
    Acidity: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment and Prevention A-Z Diseases
  • Fainting (Syncope): Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention
    Fainting (Syncope): Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention A-Z Diseases
  • Earache: Causes, Symptoms, Prevention and Treatment
    Earache: Causes, Symptoms, Prevention and Treatment A-Z Diseases
  • Chest Pain: Causes, Symptoms, diagnosis, Treatment
    Chest Pain: Causes, Symptoms, diagnosis, Treatment A-Z Diseases

Privacy Policy

Cookie Policy

About us

Contact us

Copyright © 2023 medocian.com.

Powered by PressBook News WordPress theme